When the infection due to caries penetrates the root canal of the tooth, it progresses towards its tip. From there, it passes into the surrounding bone, where an infectious process is created over time. During the apicoectomy, the infectious process is removed from the area around the tip of the tooth root together with the tip of the root.
The goal of apicoectomy is to remove the remaining infection in the area of the root tip when it is impossible to do so by treating the root canal by endodontics.